71 Talouspolitiikan tavoitteet ja
instrumentit
73 Budjetti, verotus vai tupo?
Harjoitustehtävä: Selostusteksti: Ennuste ja sen vaihtoehdot o Tehtävän tekeminen
Kokeile PerMakG tietokoneohjelmaa
29 The Federal Budget and Fiscal Policy 709
Balancing Acts on Capitol Hill 710
The Federal Budget 711 The Institutions and Laws 711 Highlights of the 1995 Budget 712 The Budget in Historical Perspective 713 The Budget Deficit in Global Perspective 716 Budget Reform and Deficit Reduction 716 State and Local Budgets 718
Fiscal policy multipliers 718 The Government Purchases Multiplier 719 The Lump-Sum Tax Multiplier 721 The Balanced Budget Multiplier 722 Induced Taxes and Entitlement Spending 722 International Trade and Fiscal Policy Multipliers 722 Automatic Stabilizers 723
Fiscal policy in the Short Run and the Long Run 725 Fiscal Policy and Aggregate Demand 725 Fiscal Expansion at Potential GDP 727 Limitations of Fiscll policy 728 Fiscal Policy and Aggregate Supply 728 A Burden of Future Generations? 729 Crowding out 730 Ricardian Equivalence 731
READING BETWEEN THE LINES Fiscal policy in Action 732
34 Macroeconomic Policy Challenges 856
What Can Policy Do? 857
Policy Goals 858 Potential GDP Growth 858 The Business Cycle 858 Unemployment 858 Inflation 859 The Two Core Policy Indicators: Real GDP Growth and Inflation 859
Policy Tools and Performance 860 Fiscal Policy Since 1960 860 Monetary Policy Since 1960 861
Long-Term Growth Policy 862 National Saving 862 Investment in Human Capital 864 Investment in New Technologies 864
Business Cycle and Unemployment Policy 865 Fixed-Rule Policies 865 Feedback-Rule Policies 865 Discretionary Policies 865 Stabilizing Aggregate Demand Shocks 865 Stabilizing Aggregate Supply Shocks 870 Nominal GDP Targeting 871 Natural Rate Policies 871
Inflation Policy 872 Avoiding Cost-Push Inflation 872 Slowing Inflation 873 Inflation Reduction in Practice 875 A Truly Independent Fed 875
READING BETWEEN THE LINES Stabilization Policy Dilemma 876
AJK kotisivu o AJK kansantalous o Perusmakro o PerMak ohjelmasivu
Asko Korpela, kansantaloustieteen lehtori, Helsingin kauppakorkeakoulu
Asko.Korpela@kolumbus.fi (palaute AJKlle)
Asko Korpela 980305 (970919)
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