31 Kokonaiskysyntä ja kokonaistarjonta
32 Kerrannaisvaikutukset eli multiplier
33 Kerrannaisvaikutukset ja Suomen
kansantalous
27 Aggregate Supply and Aggregate Demand 654
Catching the Wave 655
Aggregate Supply 656 Long-Run Aggregate Supply 656 Short-Run Aggregate Supply 657 Movement Along the LAS and SAS Curves 658 ChangesinAggregateSupply 659
Aggregate Demand 661 Why the Aggregate Demand Curve Slopes Downward 662 Changes in the Quantity of Real GDP Demanded 663 Changes in Aggregate Demand 663 Expectations 663 International Factors 664 Fiscal Policy 665 Monetary Policy 665 Shifts of the Aggregate Demand Curve 666
Macroeconomic Equilibrium 667 Determination of Real GDP and the Price Level 667 Short-Run and Long-Run Macroeconomic Equilibrium 667 Long-Term Growth and Inflation 669 Fluctuations in Aggregate Demand 669 FluctuationsinAggregateSupply 671
Long-Term Growth, Inflation, and Cycles in the U.S. Economy 672 Long-Term Growth 672 Inflation 672 Cycles 673 The Evolving Economy: 1960-1994 673
READING BETWEEN THE LINES Aggregate Supply and Aggregate Demand in Action 674
28 Expenditure Multipliers 680
Economic Amplifier or Shock Absorber? 681
Sticky Prices and Expenditure Plans 682 The Aggregate Implications of Sticky Prices 682 Expenditure Plans 682 Consumption Function and Saving Function 682 Marginal Propensities to Consume and Save 684 Other Influences on Consumption Expenditure and Saving 686 The U.S. Consumption Function 686 Consumption as a Function of Real CDP 687 Import Function 688
Real GDP with a Sticky Price Level 690 Aggregate Planned Expenditure and Real GDP 691 Actual Expenditure, Planned Expenditure, and Real GDP 691 Equilibrium Expenditure 693 Convergence to Equilibrium 693
The Multiplier 694 The Basic Idea of the Multiplier 694 The Multiplier Effect 694 WhylstheMultiplierGreaterThanl? 695 The Size of the Multiplier 695 The Multiplier and the Marginal Propensity to Consume and Save 696 Imports and Income Taxes 696 Business Cycle Turning Points 697
TheMultiplier,Real GDP, and the Price Level 699 Aggregate Expenditure and Aggregate Demand 699 Aggregate Expenditure and the Price Level 699 Equilibrium GDP and the Price Level 701
READING BETWEEN THE LINES From Expansion to Recession: But When? 704
AJK kotisivu o AJK kansantalous o PerMak ohjelmasivu
Asko Korpela, kansantaloustieteen lehtori, Helsingin kauppakorkeakoulu
Asko.Korpela@kolumbus.fi (palaute AJKlle)
Asko Korpela 980313 (970404)
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