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Liberalism and freedom |
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Liberalism |
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 07010001 |
Movement to a greater freedom. Liberalism as spiritual flow, considering freedom as the highest value of life, and the movement to a greater freedom as the most essential task of governmental and other institutions. |
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07010006 |
Which do you consider the five most important views of liberalism? |
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07010008 |
Give some example of various kinds of aspects of freedom that are mutually dependent. Mutually dependent kinds of freedom. Liberalism concerns relationships between people. But it relates positively to all other freedoms. |
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07010009 |
What specific features contains the marxist view of liberalism? Marxist definition of liberalism. ’Liberalism, ideal-political movement, connected with the adherents of bourgeois parliamentarian constitution and bourgeois ‘freedoms’ of economic, political and other spheres.’ |
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07010012 |
What is the relationship of liberalism towards old and new? Relationship towards old and new. Liberal does not deny old, only because it is old, and sustain new because it is new. |
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07010013 |
What is the relationship of liberalism towards humanism? Liberalism and humanism. There is no liberalism without humanism and no humanism without liberalism. Humanism is liberalism taken from the point of view of humanity and liberalism is humanism taken in the aspect of freedom. |
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07010014 |
‘If you give chains to a slave, the other end of it is fixed in you’. What does it mean? Freedom of others. Really free one can only be among free people. Therefore a genuine liberal appreciates not only his own freedom, but also the freedom of others. |
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07010015 |
What is the proper minimum level of freedom? Liberalism and the golden rule. ‘Man must… be satisfied with that level of freedom, relative to other people, which he would allow in other people in relation to himself’ |
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07010016 |
Another paraphrase of the golden rule: ‘Not breaking other’s rights, you protect yours’ |
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07010017 |
'Liberal is a finished individualist, trying to reticence and self-isolation.' What can be said of this? ‘My hut is my castle'. Freedom of its very essence is open, has nothing in common with reticence and isolationism. Free society is an open society. |
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07010018 |
What is the relationship of liberalism towards individualism and collectivism? Individualism, collectivism, liberalism. Liberalism takes the position of arbitrary tribunal. It stands against the extreme collectivism, as well as against the extreme individualism. |
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07010020 |
Reforming society. |
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07010021 |
Conservative as defender of freedom. |
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07010022 |
What is the basic concept of liberalism? Basic concept. Freedom. |
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Freedom |
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07020001 |
Category of possibility. |
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07020002 |
In what sense is freedom the union of possibilities and necessities? Manifold of possibilities. |
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Opposite views on freedom |
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07020101 |
What are the two mutually exclusive views of freedom? Two mutually exclusive views. |
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07020102 |
Recognition of necessity. |
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07020103 |
What does Holbach mean with freedom as an 'inexorable necessity'? Inexorable necessity. Holbach: Man cannot be in a genuine sense free, because he is subordinated under the action of laws and consequently belongs to the realm of inexorable necessity. |
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07020104 |
What is freedom according to Kant? Moral freedom of a personality. Gulyga in Kant’s manner: Moral freedom of a personality consists of recognizing and fulfilling of duty. |
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07020105 |
What is genuine freedom according to Schelling? Free will is predetermined. Schelling: A genuine freedom consists in accordance of necessity. |
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07020107 |
What is the Hegelian view of freedom? ... soul being free in its necessity... |
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07020108 |
Randomness, arbitrariness. |
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07020109 |
When is a man free according to Herbert J. Muller? Speaking simply... Herbert J. Muller: Man is free to the extent that he may on his own will choose a business or withdraw from it. |
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07020110 |
’I do what I want’. What does Hegel say about that? |
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07020111 |
What does prison aphorist say about freedom? Prison aphorists. |
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07020112 |
Randomness of freedom in Marxist philosophy? In the Marxist philosophy. |
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07020114 |
Aristotle: If the phenomena do not have randomness, then there is no reason to consult, nor act as if it were so, then this will happen, but if otherwise, then that’. |
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07020115 |
Hegel: a ‘veritable and reasonable concept of freedom includes...' (What?) Randomness and inavoidability. Hegel: ‘veritable and reasonable concept of freedom includes in itself the necessity as given’. |
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On a so called paradox of freedom |
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07020201 |
What is the paradox of freedom? Paradox of freedom. |
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07020202 |
What makes the paradox of freedom a paradox? ... limited, but not beyond ... |
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07020203 |
What follows if freedom is understood only in a negative sense, as to what must be limited? |
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07020204 |
What is clarified by the example of 'freedom to wave hands of one person ends, where the nose of other person begins'? Freedom is a net. Freedom of one person to wave by hand ends where nose of another begins. |
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07020206 |
What about freedom without internal limitations? Freedom without internal limitations. Freedom without internal limitations is no freedom, but arbitrary rule. |
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07020207 |
Does the paradox of freedom really exist? If not, why? Does the paradox exist? There is no paradox of freedom, because unlimited, absolute freedom does not exist. |
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Freedom as a possibility of choice |
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07020301 |
In what way is the choice of profession a good example of the two moments of the concept of freedom? Choice of profession. The necessary moment is the person become of age, and must determine in the question of choice of the profession in order to realize himself, here there is no choice. |
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07020303 |
Organic union of necessity and randomness. |
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07020304 |
What are the socially necessary and internally necessary moments in the choice of profession? |
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07020305 |
Responsibility as an expression of necessity in freedom. In what case can it deny the freedom? Responsibility that denies freedom. |
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07020308 |
Sympathies and antipathies limiting the free choice. |
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07020309 |
Subjective and objective. |
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07020311 |
Freedom vs. serfdom. |
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07020312 |
Life of prisoner. |
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07020313 |
Has a prisoner a right to choose? No right to choose. |
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The ability to choose |
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07020401 |
Subjective ability. |
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07020402 |
What is the role of independence in the ability to choose? Independence. |
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07020403 |
Animals and the ability to choose. Animals maintain, as a rule, active search of favorable environment. |
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07020404 |
Unability to choose. |
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07020405 |
Conscious and voluntary. |
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07020406 |
'Seven times measure, once cut' What has this statement to do with ability to choose? Conscious weighing. Balashov: ‘the more objective view of a person on things, the more independent he is from them’ |
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07020407 |
Why is information necessary, but by not sufficient condition of freedom to act? Freedom and knowledge. Knowledge of different alternatives of behavior is a necessary condition of the existence of ‘freedom’ for individual and for group. |
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07020408 |
What has the Buridan donkey to do with free choice? Buridan donkey. A donkey died being not able to decide of which of two heystacks it shoud eat. |
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07020409 |
What are conscious and volitional moments of ability? Conscious and volitional. |
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07020410 |
Rational and irrational decision making - what do they mean? Voluntarism and irrationalism meet. In knowing the essential role plays the search and opening of regularities that circumstances are managing. Irrationalism is the enemy of that kind of knowledge. |
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07020411 |
Conscious and volitional aspects of free choice. |
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07020414 |
What was the Buridan donkey missing? The trist history of Buridan donkey is the best illustration of what may happen, if at the decision to be made, the will is absent. |
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Formula of freedom |
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07020502 |
Formula of freedom. |
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07020503 |
Which elements does the formula of freedom comprise? |
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07020505 |
Freedom is increasing with complication of organism. The most complicated and perfect organism is the human organism, having 600 muscles and at least 250 degrees of freedom! |
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07020512 |
What is meant by 'random discovery'? Discovery of radioactivity. Example of accidental discovery. |
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07020517 |
What is ment by the problem of 'hint'? The problem of hint. |
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Dependence and independence |
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07020601 |
How do you understand the heading 'Development gives independence.'? Development gives independence. |
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07020602 |
Mutually opposite sides of freedom. |
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07020604 |
Describe connection between individual and society! Man is by thousands of fibres connected to society. |
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07020605 |
Is exit to the outer space a realistic alternative? Exit of man into the outer space. |
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07020607 |
Effort to ever greater freedom. How can it be a problem? |
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07020608 |
What kind of freedom could a slave have in a society based on slavery, for instance in ancient Rome, in America of the beginning of 1800's? |
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